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Rope Terminology

Steel Wire Rope - a rope consisting of mostly steel wire

Strand - wires twisted together in a geometrical fashion

Independent wire rope core- the centre of a steel wire rope consisting of a steel wire rope.

Wire main core - the centre of a steel wire rope consisting of a steel wire strand

Fibre core - the centre of a steel wire rope manufactures from a synthetic of natural fibre

King wire - the central wire of a strand

Outer wire - the wires on the outside of a strand

Inner wire - a wire between the king wire and the outer wires often referred to as d1, d2 etc

LAY TYPES

UNEQUAL LAY

A strand construction in which successive layers of wires are added in an additional stranding process with a different lay length, usually in a form of 3N/2N/N/1. However, as each successive layer is a separate process any number of wires can be add to a layer. Layers can be in the same lay direction or opposite hand of lay.

CROSS LAY

A strand construction in which successive layers of wires are added in an additional stranding process with a different lay length, usually in a form of 3N/2N/N/1. However, as each successive layer is a separate process any number of wires can be add to a layer. Layers are layed in in opposite hand of lay.

PARALLEL LAY

This is a method in which all the wires are layed into a strand in one operation. All the wires have the same lay length. This is accomplished by laying all the wires in a single operation.

SINGLE STRAND

These lay configurations are shown for single strands. These constructions are used to manufacture steel wire ropes with different properties

ROPE CONSTRUCTION

Ropes are manufactured by closing the strands together, this can be done to achieve a particular characteristic required by the application:

Left Hand Ordinary

Left hand Langs

Right Hand Langs

Right Hand Ordinary

ROTATION RESISTANT ROPES

18 Strand vs 19 Strand vs Non-Spin OR.
18X7 vs 19X7 vs Non- Spin

This terminology is old and refers to a semi rotation resistant rope construction consisting of 12 outer strands over a 6 strand IWRC. The IWRC is sometimes made with a fibre core differentiating the 18 and 19 strand non-spin. the rotation resistance of the rope is affected by the lay configuration of the strands.

The best breaking force is achieved by manufacturing the rope with langs layed outer strands over a ordinary layed IWRC. However, the rotation resistance is very low.

The best rotation resistance is achieved by manufacturing the rope with an ordinary outer layer over a langs layed IWRC. In this configuration the inter layer wire nicking is severs resulting in a reduced breaking force, The ropes fatigue life is also drasticaly reduced.